
By: Dr. Martin Luis Lopez Dr. Geographical Sciences, biogeographic and Specialist in Landscape protection and conservation. Another place of interest in the garden Viñales is popularly known first as the Garden of Charity, and today under the name of two sisters, Charity and Carmen. Its origin is interesting: a familiar idea, the fruit of love of family members in general by nature, especially plants. It all started early last century when a marriage composed of descendants of Africans and Chinese, a typical reflection of the different roots of our population, began planting trees, brought from a nearby places, the mountains others and plants ornamental gardens from which no longer exist or forests that once covered most of one’s area or hummocks. Gradually conveyed the love and passion for nature to their modern descendants. Today due admiration to see this work, created with few resources but with the constancy of the daily work for many years. This was the beginning of the current Garden, which today continues to grow slowly. Its owners, Charity, and Carmen, two old octogenarian today and wanted by the community, keep a piece of history not only of the garden, but from the Vinales and lifestyle of those times. The pace of life in this place is like as a family living in the middle of last century. Situated on the edge of Viñales, in the direction of the community of St. Vincent and the hotel of the same name. It’s easy to get to it. Take the main road passes by the park and the Catholic Church and three blocks down, on reaching the fuel dispensing station known in Cuba as Cupet, the street splits in two. You take a left, where it is common to find many people waiting to take a vehicle. The garden is recognized by the presence of tall trees. A few yards you come to a rustic gate where two leaves hanging fruit in season, it shows what is inside. It is common to see visitors of all ages inside. Most often you visit the garden any time of day, but can also be done at night. In both cases, the journey is fascinating, but the experience is different. If visiting during the day is common finding in the door, along with fruits hanging on it, small lizards and harmless green or brown, (Anolis fulcatus and A. sagraei, etc.), feeding on them. Moving inside the house is reached along an entrance bordered by small Sellaginella sp. , Showy plants and ferns relatives whose color may be green or blue depending on the angle from which to observe. Some friends or relatives serve as a guide during the trip. Welcoming two-year rise cedar (Cedrela odorata) over 20 meters high and covered with beautiful representatives of the family Araceae (Scindapsus aureus), large and small glossy leaves, green and white, commonly known in Cuba as malanga garden. Next to one of these cedar stands a magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora), a species that was introduced from the southern United States. UU. to decorate the gardens of the hotel in San Vicente, near Viñales, in which place there are still some copies. Its flowers are large, white, showy, fragrant, especially at night. Today only few of these fish are located in Viñales, with its very limited distribution in Cuba. In the high mountains of central and eastern Cuba is an endemic species of this family, (Magnolia cubensis), but smaller flowers. The vegetation almost covers the house, all her curiously decorated tile roof which is flanked by tamarisk trees, oranges, mandarins and showy shrubs and climbers of flowers, ranging from violet and red in Bougainville (Bougainvillea spectabilis and B . glabra) to the blue of the stone (Petrea humilis), the yellow Alamandas (Alamanda cathartica and A. neriifolia), red or white of the hibiscus (Hibiscus rosasinensis), and pink or white of franchipanis ( Plumeria sp. different), all of which grows in apparent disorder. For some it is also known as the famous writer Dora Alonso as “the garden crazy.” They are also the entry and spread throughout the garden ferns of interest mainly for its beauty or its properties. Among the former are representatives of the genus Cyathea, known as tree ferns. Trees can be seen on two representatives of the genus Polypodium: Polypodium aureum and P. polypodioides. Both are used, according to local tradition, to combat liver disease. Regarding the latter, it is common to see over the trees, mainly in the summer, limp and apparently dead, to put it in a pot with water or after a rainstorm, its freshness recovers within minutes completely changed the physiognomy of the forest in the garden. Next to the entrance door is one of the most important plants in Cuba and known throughout the world. It is the only one of our plants since 1980, declared a National Natural Monument. Belongs to a family with few species represented on the planet, each of which is a rarity worldwide. This species coexisted with the dinosaurs, large reptiles Jurassic and disappeared, coming to us in spite of the great cataclysms of the Caribbean. It looks like a palm and it is not. It reproduces by cones. His name is Microcycas calocoma, popularly known as Palma Corcho. The name itself does not reflect its true appearance, since neither is small (micro) or is a cycad, much less a palm. Any curiosity. Everything described belongs to the front area, where they are most ornamental plants, which can be planted in small beds, on the ground or in pots that hang on the walls of the house. The colorful stems of flowers and multicolored leaves crotos (Codiaeum variegatum), the beds (Plectranthus scutellarioides) and the Chinese madams in various colors (Impatiens wallerana), among many other plants. It is also the garden area where the trees have been placed numerous ornaments, mostly toys. Furthermore, most fragrant plants are near the entrance, drawing the attention of passersby, which is accentuated in the late afternoon and early evening hours. Once inside and visited this first part, the temptation to go inside and enter the forest is irresistible. The rest of the garden will be described in the next article, in which some of the known species of orchids that populate this place and the different trees in this strange place. We invite you to visit the garden. You will not regret.
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